PS+4+-+4th+Period+Brown

__**Chemical Formula**__ - chemical shorthand that uses symbols to tell what elements are in a compound adn ohter symbols. __**Symbol**__ - is a letter or number that represents an object __**Subscript**__ - is a number figure, symbol, or indicator that appears smaller than normal line of type it is set slighty below or above it. __**Oxidation Number**__ - is the charge that it would have if all the ligands were removed along wit the electron pairs that were shared with the central atom __**Balanced**__ - same number of electrons __**Symbol**__ - is a letteror number that represents an object
 * 1) __**Balancing Ionic Bonds**__
 * __Bohr Model__** - a primitive model of the hydrogen atom
 * __Ion__ -** is an atom or molecule which has lost or gained one or more electrons, giving it a positive or negative electric charge
 * **__Chemical Bonding__**
 * __Valence Electrons__** - are the outermost electrons of an atom.
 * __Noble gases__** - are a group of chemical elements with very similar properties.
 * __Stable__** - when an atom has eight valence electrons.
 * __Bond__** - attraction between molecules and atoms.
 * __Group 1, 2, 16, 17__** - 1 and 2 are metals, 16 and 17 are gases.
 * __Metals__** - tend to lose electrons to achieve a stable noble gas structure
 * __Nonmetals__** - tend to gain electrons to achieve a stable noble gas structure
 * __Ionic Bond__** - is a type of chemical bond that involves a metal and nonmetal
 * __Covalent Bond__ -** is a form of chemical bonding that is characterized by the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms
 * **__Covalent Bonding__**
 * __Electrons__** - are a subatomic particle that carries a negative electric charge
 * __Valence Electrons__** - are the outermost electrons of an atom
 * __Nonmetals__** - tend to gain electrons to achieve a stable noble gas structure
 * __Stable__** - when a atom has eight valence electrons
 * __Electron Dot Diagram__** -


 * **__Ionic Bonding__**
 * __Ionic Bond__** - type of chemical that involves a metal and non - metal
 * __Chemical Formula__** - relationship between those atoms changes in chemical reactions
 * __Stability__** - it test the stability of the ionic bond
 * __Valence Electrons__** - outermost energy level of atoms
 * __Compounds__** - combination of two or more elements
 * __Ion__** - is an atom that has lost or gained one or more electrons
 * __Charged__** -can be neutral, positive, or negatve


 * __**Energy & Chemical Reactions**__
 * __Exothermic Reactions__** -

__**Multiple Choice Questions**__ A.0 **B.1** C.2 D.3
 * 1) one molcule of calcium carbonate, CaCO3, has how many atoms of calcium, Ca?

2. How many atoms of oxygen are present in one molecule of H2SO4? A.1 B.2 C.3 **D.4**

3. Whats is the raitos Of atoms Persent in ammonia, NH3? B. 3 atomof nitrogen to 1 atom of hydrogen C. 1 atom of Nitrogen to 1 atom of hydrogen D. the raito varies
 * A. 1atom of nitrogen to3 atoms of hydrogen**

4. You have a weigthing dish containing table salt. What is the correct way to describe it? A. as a simple of the NaCl molecule B. as a simple of NaCl atom D. as a simple of the binary covalent compound, NaCl
 * C. as a simple of the compound, NaCl**

5. What kind of compound is ClO2? A. a homonuclear diatomic molecule B. a heter onuclear diatomic molecule C. a binary ionic compound
 * D. a binary covalent compound**

6. a sudstance A is added to another substance B. They combine chemically to form a new substance< AB. What type of reactions is this? B. decomposition C. single displacement D. double displacement
 * A. synthesis**

7. Which type of reactions is never a redox process? A. synthesis B. decomposition C. single displacement
 * D. double displacement**

8. the fragmentation of a chemical compoud into elements or smaller compounds is a correct description for which type of reactions? A. synthesis C. single displacement D. double displacement
 * B. decompositions**

9. What does (aq) Mean,, when written next to substance in a chemical equations aqueous (dissolved in water)

10. Which of the following process would result in a chemical change? A. boiling B. cutting C. dissolving
 * D. digesting**

11. Which of the followins steps involves a chemical change ? A. myra puts kernels of wheat in a grinder and grind them into flour B. she adds salt, baking soda, suger, and dry yeast to the flour and mixes them togther. D. then, she punches it down, forms a loaf, and place it in a bread pan.
 * C. she lets the dough rise until it is double in size**

12.Which of the following involes a chimical change ? A. crushing a cube of suger to form granules of suger B. dissolving suger granules in water C. she let the dough rise until it is double in size
 * D. burning a cube of suger until it turn black and eventually disappears**

13. Rusting is an exmaple of ? B. combustion C. a physical change D. precipitation
 * A. oxidation**

14.which of the following process would result in a chemical change? A. boiling B. cutting C. dissolving
 * D. digesting

Links: Chemical Bonds [] Covalent Bonds [] Ionic Bonding [] Chemical Reactions [] Acids and Bases []**